Fairfield, Thurber, Cordrey, Gramlich and Allied Families

Genealogy and Family History of Ruth Minerva Fairfield (1899-1972) of Allen County, Indiana, and Brazoria and Harris counties, Texas, whose ancestors include Fairfield of Massachusetts, Maine, Indiana and Texas; Thurber of Rhode Island, New England, Quebec and Indiana; Cordrey of Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana; Gramlich of Germany and Ohio

Online! Descendants of John Fairfield of Wenham, Connie Fairfield Ganz' genealogy site
Fort Wayne News Sentinel - "Colorful past wins house a reprieve" - 5 May 2007

Fairfield and Allied Families

Traditionally John, Ruth's immigrant Fairfield ancestor, came from England to New England in 1635, but he doesn't appear in Massachusetts Bay records until 1638. His English origins have yet to be discovered, but one interesting tradition is that the Fairfields were French Huguenots, surname Beauchamp (Fairfield in French), who fled to England following the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685. Fairfield is a rather uncommon surname, a fact easily overlooked because as one of the most common place names, it is so familiar to the ear. Although the first Fairfield residence in America was in Charlestown, now part of Boston, the early Fairfields are more closely identified with Wenham, a town in Essex County that was set off from Salem in 1643. It was discovered by survey, however, that some of Fairfield's Wenham land was actually in Ipswich.

     The line of greatest interest to this project follows the given name John for the first five generations. John IV, who about 1718 moved with his mother and stepfather to Wells, York County, Maine, founded the Arundel (Kennebunkport) line of Fairfields. In Maine, most of the Fairfield men were mariners, and a number of them became sailing masters, as sea captains were then called. It was no doubt a dangerous pursuit. Of John V's seven sons, four were lost at sea, two chose other professions, and William, the second son, became a sailing master.

     William's son Asa, also a sailing master, began exploring the possibility of moving inland, and in 1832 traveled to Fort Wayne, Allen County, Indiana, where he bought land. Captain Asa returned to Kennebunkport in 1834 for his family. His older brother Oliver and his family moved to Fort Wayne at the same time, as did a younger, single brother Charles. It appears that Sarah, a younger sister, also moved with them, as she married in Fort Wayne a few years later. Asa became a prominent citizen of Fort Wayne. Fairfield Avenue is named for him, and shown in the fourth panel on the north wall of Superior Courtroom No. 2 in the Allen County Courthouse, is a magnificent relief, recently restored, of Captain Asa Fairfield's Indiana, the first boat to pass through Fort Wayne on opening day in 1835 of the Wabash and Erie Canal.

     Asa's son James Monroe Fairfield was a farmer in Allen County. He married Jane Thurber, his second cousin, and to them were born either eleven or twelve children. Six daughters and one son, their youngest child James Edmund, survived childhood. Ed, as he was called, worked for the railroad in Fort Wayne. He married Minerva Cordrey who died in 1899 soon after the birth of Ruth, their only child. Ed married second Pearl Garver and had two more daughters born in Fort Wayne. In 1908 he bought land in Brazoria County, Texas, on the Brazos River, and in 1909 sent for his family. In Texas, he and Pearl had three more children.

     Ruth married Bill Horn in 1916 and had four children, all born in Brazoria County. Her half-brothers and sisters all married, but only three had children. It appears that the Fairfield surname in Asa's line will soon be extinct, as Asa had four sons, who had one son, who had two sons, who had one son, who has three sons, who have only daughters. Some related families of particular interest are:

• THURBER

• STONE of England, Massachusetts and Maine. John¹, immigrant, origin Somerset, was living in Salem in 1636, and possibly earlier. His great-grandson, Jonathan⁴ of Beverly, removed to Arundel (Kennebunkport), York County, Maine in 1735, calling himself a coaster. Jonathan's son Jonathan⁵ was a Revolutionary soldier, and his son Jonathan⁶ was a mariner.The last named Jonathan was the father of Adam and Olive who married siblings, Miranda and Captain Asa Fairfield, who were children of William and Mary King Fairfield.

• KING of Massachusetts and Maine. John, immigrant, origin Kent, came to America in the latter part of the seventeenth century and lived in Boston. His sons Richard and David were in Maine by about 1746. Richard of Scarborough was one of the largest exporters of lumber in the District of Maine, and father of distinguished sons including Rufus, William and Cyrus. Richard's younger brother David of York County, Maine, was a sergeant in the Revolution. David's great-grandson, James Monroe Fairfield, and his great-granddaughter, Jane Elizabeth Thurber, were married in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1847.

• McCULLOCH of Scotland, Maine and Indiana. Adam, immigrant, origin Dornoch, Sutherlandshire, Scotland, and two brothers sailed for America in 1766 when the Duke of Sutherland threatened to turn the land their father Hugh rented into a vast shooting range. Adam settled at Cape Porpus (Kennebunkport) because it reminded him of home. He taught school and had a trading business. His daughter Margaret married Jonathan Stone⁶ and had Adam who married Miranda Fairfield, daughter of William and Mary King Fairfield, and Olive who married Capt. Asa Fairfield. Adam's grandson Hugh McCulloch was Secretary of the Treasury under Presidents Lincoln, Johnson and Arthur, and is credited with founding the Secret Service. He moved to Fort Wayne about the same time as his first cousin Olive Stone Fairfield.

• BURBANK of England, Massachusetts and Maine. John, immigrant, origin unknown, settled in Rowley, Essex County, Massachusetts before 1640. His great-grandson, Lieut. John Burbank, removed to Arundel (Kennebunkport) between 1722-25. He and two brothers were with William Pepperell at the capture of Louisburg in 1745 during King George's War. His daughter Mary married John Fairfield V. The famed horticulturist Luther Burbank was a descendant of John the immigrant.

• DOWNING of New Hampshire and Maine. Capt. John, Esq., probable immigrant, origin unknown, was in Portsmouth, New Hampshire by 1680, leased land at Cape Porpus (Kennebunkport) Maine, in 1683, and was back in New Hampshire before 1694. He was once again living in Maine in 1720, but was later back in Portsmouth where he died in 1744. His granddaughter Phebe Downing married Jonathan Stone⁵ of Arundel.

• BROWN of England, Maine and Massachusetts. Andrew, immigrant, origin Holbeton, Devonshire, was in Maine before September 1651 at which time he was living at Black Point village (part of Scarborough, Maine). He took his family, except sons John and Lieut. Andrew who were on military duty, to Boston during King Philip's War. The two boys mentioned, who were in their twenties, saw much action in King Philip's War and fought in the Battle at Moore's Brook, Scarborough, Maine's last major battle of that war. Andrew Sr. returned to Maine, but lived his last years in Boston with son William. Lieut. Allison Brown, son of Andrew Jr., became the wealthiest man in Arundel (Kennebunkport). Allison's granddaughter Louisa married Adam McCulloch.

• ALLANSON (Allison) of England and Maine. Ralph, immigrant, origin St. Helen Auckland, Durham, arrived in Maine sometime before 1665 accompanied by his wife Anne, their three children, and his mother-in-law, Anne Watt Dixon. There they joined Mrs. Dixon's brother Henry Watts at his plantation in Saco. Anne Allison, daughter of Ralph and Anne, married Lieutenant Andrew Brown, son of the immigrant Andrew.

• EMERY of England, Massachusetts and Maine. Brothers John and Anthony, immigrants, origin Romsey, Hampshire, both carpenters, arrived at Boston in 1635 and settled at Newbury. John was a nonconformist in a Puritan society, usually coming down on the "wrong" side of issues and frequently defying the court. Nevertheless, he held several offices over the years, including Constable of Newbury. Of his four children by his first wife, Alice Grantham, Ruth Minerva Fairfield directly descends from the three oldest, Alice, Eleanor and John Jr., whose son, Rev. Samuel, removed to Maine before 1698. Dr. Josiah Bartlett, Sr., Signer of the Declaration of Independence was a great-grandson of John Jr. and wife Mary.

• LOVETT of England and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, origin unknown, is thought to have arrived in Massachusetts in 1637. That year he and wife Mary Grant were living in Mackerel Cove, then part of Salem, now part of Beverly. Their great-granddaughter Hannah married Jonathan Stone⁴ of Beverly in 1726, and some ten years later, moved to Arundel (Kennebunkport), Maine. Sometime after Jonathan's death in 1749/50, Hannah who was at least 60 years of age, married second Capt. John Fairfield IV. Hannah's great-granddaughter Olive Stone married John IV's great-grandson Capt. Asa Fairfield.

• HARDING of Maine. Israel, origin unknown, blacksmith, was probably a son of Stephen of Providence, Rhode Island. He applied for land at Wells, Maine in 1670 and was granted 200 acres in exchange for his services as a blacksmith. As a Baptist, he didn't fit in well, and was often fined for preaching and failure to attend Congregational services. His son Stephen, also a blacksmith, with his wife Abigail (Littlefield) and children, narrowly escaped Indian depredations during Queen Anne's War, and he served as a skilled pilot during Dummer's War. He and Abigail had eight known children, among them Elizabeth who married Andrew Brown, son of Lieut. Allison Brown.

• BATSON of England and Maine. Stephen, immigrant, origin unknown (perhaps Yorkshire), was in Saco, Maine by 1637. He was one of the founders of Wells, Maine, where he was living by 1639 or '41. He then moved to Cape Porpus where he was granted land in 1645, but in 1672/3 sold the land to his son John and moved back to Wells. His wife Elizabeth, maiden name unknown, was treated harshly by the court for accusing Stephen and their daughter Mary Clay of having an incestuous relationship. Their granddaughter Elizabeth, daughter of son John, married John Fairfield III.

• LITTLEFIELD of England, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine. Edmond, immigrant, origin Titchfield, Hampshire, clothier, arrived in Massachusetts in 1636 or '37 with his two oldest sons. His wife Annis (Austin) and the other children followed in 1638, and the family reunited in Boston. Although Edmond wasn't disarmed by the Massachusetts Bay government during the Antinomian controversary, he followed the Wheelwright exiles to Exeter, New Hampshire, where he signed the Exeter combination in 1639. In 1643 the family removed to Wells, Maine, where they remained permanently. Edmond and Annis had ten children, among them two sons named Francis who are usually referred to as Francis Sr. and Francis Jr. Francis Sr.'s great-granddaughter Abigail married Stephen Harding. Francis Jr.'s granddaughter Tabitha married Rev. Samuel Emery.

• ACIE of England and Massachusetts. William, immigrant, origin Eppleworth, Yorkshire, was one of the first settlers of Rowley. He was probably among the followers of Rev. Ezekiel Rogers who arrived in New England in 1638, though the first record of him is in 1643 when the Rowley land was surveyed. His granddaughter Hannah, daughter of John and Hannah Greene Acie, married Caleb Burbank Jr.

• BAILEY of England and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, origin traditionally Chippenham, Wiltshire, and his son John were passengers in 1635 on the ill-fated Angel Gabriel that was wrecked in a great hurricane at Pemaquid off the coast of Maine. Father and son settled at Salisbury, and in 1650, the elder John moved to Newbury. The son, a weaver, married Eleanor Emery and moved to Newbury by 1661. By 1700 their son Joseph had moved to Arundel (Kennebunkport), Maine. He was scalped by the Wabenaki's during Lovewell's (Dummer's) War and died of his injuries.

• HART of England and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, origin unknown, and wife Mary were passengers on the James of London in 1635. They settled in Salem. He married second Florence Norman. Their granddaughter Lydia married Nehemiah Stone, and had Jonathan⁴.

• PICKERING of England and New Hampshire. John, immigrant, origin unknown, carpenter, migrated to New England in 1630 and settled at Piscataqua (Portsmouth), New Hampshire, before 1635/6.

• SCAMMON of Maine. Humphrey, origin unknown. He lived in Kittery, Cape Porpus (Kennebunkport) and Saco. His son, Capt. Humphrey, mariner, was a prominent man and large land owner. Lieut. Humphrey's daughter Hannah married Lieut. Allison Brown.

• SANDERS of England, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine. Lieut. John, immigrant, origin unknown, was an Ipswich proprietor in 1635. He also lived at various times in Hampton, New Hampshire, Wells, Maine, and Cape Porpus (Kennebunkport), Maine. His daughter Elizabeth married John Batson.

• WARDWELL of England, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine. William, immigrant, origin Alford, Lincolnshire, migrated to New England in 1633, settling first in Boston. Both he and his brother Thomas were disarmed by the Massachusetts Bay government in 1637 during the Antinomian controversy, and followed Rev. John Wheelwright to Exeter, New Hampshire, where both signed the Exeter combination in 1639. The Wardwells were in Wells, Maine, by 1649 where they had gone to escape Massachusetts authority. His daughter Meribah married Francis Littlefield, Jr. Thomas' son Samuel was convicted of witchcraft and hanged at Salem on 22 September 1692.

• SMITH of England and Massachusetts. Hugh, origin unknown, was one of the original settlers of Rowley where in 1642 he took the Freeman's Oath. His daughter Martha married Caleb burbank, son of John the immigrant.

• GREENE of England and New Hampshire. Henry, Esq., immigrant, origin unknown, councillor and judge, was in New England before May 1644, for at that time he exchanged lands granted to him for other lands in Hampton, New Hampshire. His daughter Hannah married John Acie, son of William the immigrant.

• PUTNAM of England and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, origin Aston Abbots, Buckinghamshire, traditionally arrived in New England in 1634, but doesn't appear in records until 1640/1 in Salem. All of his children were born in England, and those still living came with their parents to Massachusetts. The Putnams were an influential family in Salem and Salem Village, and are infamous for their role in the witchcraft delusion of 1692. Anne Putnam, great-granddaughter of John the immigrant, was one of the primary instigators and youngest of the girl accusers. Captain John, youngest son of John the immigrant, was in the forefront in all matters relating to town or church government. He married Rebecca Prince and they had among their ten children Priscilla who married Joseph Bailey.

• DIXEY of England and Massachusetts. Capt. William, immigrant, origin unknown, came to New England in 1629 as one of the servants of Mr. Isaac Johnson, the associate of Winthrop and Saltonstall. He and the other servants set down first at Saugus (Lynn), where they were greeted by friendly Indians. Johnson followed in 1630, but soon died, leaving his men to their own devices. William settled in Salem and lived on the Cape Ann side, later called Beverly. His daughter Abigail married John Stone, son of John Stone the immigrant.

• NEALE of England and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, origin unknown, was admitted a freeman in Salem in 1642. His daughter Lydia married Jonathan Hart, son of John Hart, the immigrant, and Florence Norman.

• ROOTES of England and Massachusetts. Josiah, immigrant, origin Great Chart, Kent, arrived in New England in 1635 and settled at Salem on the Cape Ann side (later Beverly). His widow Susanna was convicted of witchcraft and held in Boston gaol in 1692, and later released. Their daughter Bethiah married John Lovett the immigrant.

• CHATER of England, perhaps Barbadoes, and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, was in Newbury in 1644, but if he was the John Chater who came from Barbadoes, he arrived in New England in 1635. He married Alice Emery, daughter of John Emery Sr. and Alice Grantham, immigrants. They had Hannah who married John Miller and had Susanna who married Capt. John Downing, Esq.

• HEARD of England and Maine. John, immigrant, origin unknown, probably came to New England on the Warwick in 1630. Although he lived on the Maine side of the river in Kittery, he signed the Dover (New Hampshire) combination in 1640. His son, Ensign James Heard, lived in Kittery. James' daughter Katherine married James Littlefield, son of Francis Littlefield Sr.

• AUSTIN of England and Maine. Annis (Austin) Littlefield, immigrant, origin Titchfield, Hampshire, with her six youngest children and two servants, and her brother Richard Austin and his family, sailed on the Bevis out of Southampton in 1638. Annis' husband, Edmond Littlefield, and two oldest children, Francis Sr. and Anthony, were waiting for them in Boston. They soon followed the Wheelwright exiles to Exeter, and later settled in Wells, Maine. Richard's family remained in Massachusetts, and his descendants lived in Massachusetts and Connecticut for several generations. He was a third great-grandfather of Moses Austin, and fourth great-grandfather of Stephen F. Austin.

• NORMAN of England and Massachusetts. Richard, immigrant, origin unknown, one of the "old planters" as the pre-Endicott settlers are known, was a member of the Dorchester Company that established a small colony at Cape Ann in 1623. After three years of struggle the Cape Ann venture failed and a group of the settlers, including Richard Norman, set out to establish a more permanent settlement. The group, led by Roger Conant, chose land at the mouth of the Naumkeag River, named their new settlement Naumkeag, and in 1629, changed the name to Salem for Shalom, the Hebrew word for peace. By 1650 Richard was living on "Darby Fort side" (Marblehead), then part of Salem, but beyond the immediate influence of the Salem church-state. His daughter Florence married John Hart the immigrant.

• LAWES of England and Massachusetts. Francis, immigrant, origin St. John Maddermarket, Norwich, Norfolk, landed in Boston in the summer of 1637 with his wife Lydia and daughter Mary. The family proceded almost immediately to Salem. Mary married John Neale the immigrant.

• WILLIX of England, Massachusetts and New Hampshire. Balthazar, immigrant, origin Alford, Lincolnshire, He lived in Exeter, New Hampshire, and Salisbury, Massachusetts. His daughter Hazelelponi married first John Gee of Boston and Martha's Vineyard. Their daughter Mary married John Pickering the immigrant.
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Thurber and Allied Families

Much of the credit for Thurber information found on this site goes to Florence Thurber Gargaro. See Thurber and Dow Family Home Page.

     The earliest Thurber believed to be an ancestor was Benjamin who was born in Rhode Island and there married Elizabeth Hallett. Their presumed son Isaac was born in Massachusetts or Vermont. He lived in New Hampshire and Vermont before settling in Quebec, Canada East, where for years he had a store and bought and sold potash. He and his second wife, Drusilla Hicks, had among their children, Benjamin Wilson Hall Thurber who married Mary Persis King whose father Josiah was a brother of Mary King who married William Fairfield.

     Benjamin Thurber moved his family to Allen County, Indiana, in the early 1840s. His wife died before 1850, but it is not known whether her death occurred in Canada or Indiana. Their daughter, Jane Elizabeth, married James Monroe Fairfield, they having in common great-grandparents, David King and Elizabeth Gray. Jane was widowed in 1895 and died in 1915 at the home of her son Ed in Brazoria County, Texas, where she lived out her last years. Her body was returned to Fort Wayne for burial. Some related families of particular interest are:

• KING

• WOODSUM of England and Maine. Joseph, immigrant, origin probably Leeds, Yorkshire, tailor, settled before 1708 in Berwick, Maine. He married second Abigail Abbot and had Michael who married Elizabeth Dyer, daughter of William Dyer and Lucretia Emery, and had Mary who married Josiah King, son of David and brother of Mary King who married William Fairfield.

• DYER of England, Maine and Massachusetts. William, immigrant, origin unknown, lived in Sheepscot, Maine, and Braintree, Massachusetts. He was wealthy and prominent until the family was driven from Maine by the Indians about 1678/9. The family left Braintree and returned to Maine in 1683, and in 1689, during King Philip's War, William and his son Christopher were massacred by Indians within a few months of each other. Surviving family members fled to Braintree. His second great-granddaughter Elizabeth married Michael Woodsum, son of Joseph the immigrant.

• STOWELL of England and Massachusetts. Samuel, immigrant, origin unknown, blacksmith, settled in Hingham, Massachusetts, before October 1649. His son David moved frequently, living in Hingham, Woburn, Cambridge, Watertown and Newton. David's daughter Mary married John King the immigrant.

• PATTEN of Northern Ireland and Maine. Matthew, immigrant, origin unknown, blacksmith, came to New England in the first wave of Scots-Irish immigration (about 1714) and settled in Wells, Maine. He moved to Biddeford in that part that became Saco, and from there farther east to Falmouth, then back to Biddeford. His granddaughter Elizabeth Gray married David King, son of John the immigrant.

• EMERY of England, Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Maine. Brothers Anthony and John, immigrants, arrived in Massachusetts in 1635 and settled in Ipswich. Anthony moved to Dover, New Hampshire about 1640 and signed the Dover combination in October of that year. He moved to Kittery about 1649, and later to Portsmouth, Rhode Island. His great-granddaughter Lucretia married William Dyer, great-grandson of William the immigrant.

• STEDMAN of England and Massachusetts. Isaac, immigrant, origin Biddenden, Kent, arrived in Massachusetts in 1635 with a wife and two sons and settled in Scituate. He sold his farm in 1650 and removed to Boston where he was a merchant. He later moved to Muddy River (Brookline). His granddaughter Mary married David Stowell, son of Samuel the immigrant.

• NASON of England and Maine. Richard, immigrant, origin Rainsford Island, England, was one of the founders of Kittery, Maine. He was a militant Quaker who was constantly in trouble after Massachusetts took over the government. His granddaughter Abigail married John Abbot and they had Abigail who married Joseph Woodsum the immigrant.

• CHADBOURNE of England and Maine. William, immigrant, origin Tamworth, Warwickshire, carpenter, with two other carpenters made a contract in 1634 with Capt. John Mason and his Lyconia Company to move to Mason's grant. They arrived in Newichawannock (Berwick, Maine) in the summer of 1634 where they set up the first water-powered mill in New England. His great-granddaughter Mary married William Dyer, grandson of William the immigrant.

• HITCHCOCK of England, Massachusetts and Maine. Lieut. Richard, immigrant, origin unknown, arrived in Massachusetts in 1634. He removed by 1636 to Saco, Maine. His daughter Margaret married James Emery, grandson of Anthony the immigrant.

• FARROW of England and Massachusetts. John, immigrant, origin Hingham, Norfolk, arrived in Massachusetts in 1635 and settled in Hingham, Massachusetts. His daughter Mary married Samuel Stowell the immigrant.

• BOLLES of England and Maine. Joseph, immigrant, origin Worksop, Nottinghamshire, immigrated to New England about 1640 and settled at Winter Harbor, Maine. By July 1653, he was living in Wells, Maine. His daughter Sarah married Lieut. Humphrey Chadbourne, grandson of William the immigrant.

• TREWORGYE of England and Maine. James, immigrant, settled at Kittery, Maine, before 1640. His daughter Lucy married Humphrey Chadbourne, son of William the immigrant.

• SHAPLEIGH of England, and Maine. Alexander, immigrrant, settled at Kittery, Maine where he died in 1650. His daughter Catherine married James Treworgye the immigrant.

Cordrey and Allied Families

Ruth Fairfield's grandfather, Francis Cordrey, left a handwritten account of the Cordrey family through his great-grandfather Thomas. Referred to in this project as Thomas Sr., he was more likely Thomas II, son of Thomas and Ester Davis Cordrey of Delaware. Our Cordreys moved from Delaware to Allegany County, Maryland, thence to Tuscarawas County, Ohio, in 1810. Francis, grandson of Nathan and Dorcas (Ayres) Cordrey, and son of Moses Ayres and Hannah (Black) Cordrey, was born and grew up in Tuscarawas County. As a member of Company E, 126^th OVI, he participated in many of the major Civil War battles in Virginia, and was wounded in the Battle of Monocacy in 1864. Following the War he married Christeann Gramlich of Hardin County, Ohio. They lived there and in Tuscarawas County before moving to Fort Wayne, Indiana, in 1871. Francis and Christeann had four children, three of whom survived. The oldest, John Ayres, never married. Hannah married and had two daughters, one of whom married but had no children. Catharine Minerva, called Minerva or Min, married James Edmund Fairfield in Fort Wayne. Minerva died of complications several weeks after the birth of Ruth, her only child. Some ancestral families are:

• GRAMLICH of Württemberg and Ohio

• BLACK of Pennsylvania and Ohio. We know from Francis Cordrey's account of the Cordrey family that his mother Hannah's parents were Philip and Catharine Black who moved from Pennsylvania to Ohio. Philip Black, Catharine's grandfather, appears in the 1790 Census in Washington County, Pennsylvania, and he and Philip Black Jr. appear there in 1800. The younger Philip married Catharine Baughman of Washington County, and before 1810, they moved to Stark County, Ohio, where Philip died in 1823.

• BAUGHMAN (BACHMAN) of Switzerland, Germany, Pennsylvania and Ohio. The ancestors of our immigrant ancestor of this name, George Bachman, can be traced back several generations in Switzerland. They were of the Mennonite faith. He, his wife and small son immigrated from Germany to Pennsylvania between 1717 and 1720, settling first in Bucks County, in that part that became Northampton County. His grandson Abraham Baughman moved to Washington County, Pennsylvania, and later to Richland County, Ohio, where he died in 1827.

• SCHNEBELE of Switzerland, Germany and Pennsylvania. Anna Maria Schnebele was born to Swiss parents who were living in the Palantinate. She married George Bachman, and with their small son, they immigrated to Bucks County, Pennsylvania, between 1717 and 1720. The Schnebeles were Mennonites.

• AYRES of New Jersey and Ohio. Dorcas, daughter of Moses Ayres and Dianna Kennedy, married Nathan Cordrey. Some researchers believe Moses Ayres descended from the Massachusetts Ayres family who were descendants of George Soule of the Mayflower. The writer has found nothing to substantiate this claim. Our Ayres family lived in New Jersey before moving west to Tuscarawas County, Ohio.

• BRYAN of Delaware. The Bryans lived in Sussex County, Delaware. Bennett, the earliest known ancestor, died there in 1787 leaving a wife Rachel and ten children. It is assumed by most researchers that Rachel was a Shepherd based on that name being given a son. This writer believes Bennett married a Shepherd, but she was likely a first wife and not the mother of all his children. Bennett's daughter Comfort, one of the older children, married Thomas Cordrey.

Gramlich and Allied Families

The Gramlichs lived for generations in or near Jagsthausen, a small town in the northern part of the Black Forest on the north side of the Jagst River in what is now the German state of Baden-Württemberg. Other than names and a few dates, little information has been found on the family prior to Johann Friederich who, with his wife Friederike (Foit), baby daughter Carolina, and other family members, emigrated to America in 1838 on the ship Everhard out of Bremen. The family settled in Cessna township, Hardin County, Ohio, and there are descendants who live in that county today. John and Fredrika, as they came to be known, had eleven more children including five sons who died young. Their first child born in America was Christiana Catharina, called Christeann, who married Francis Cordrey in Hardin County in 1865. Francis and Christeann had four children including Catharine Minerva who married James Edmund Fairfield and had Ruth. Some ancestral families are:

• FOIT of Württemberg and Ohio. Georg Friederich, Maria Katharina (Horlacher) and Johann Foit, Friederike Foit Gramlich's parents and brother, also emigrated to America on the ship Everhard in 1838. They and the Gramlichs settled on adjoining farms in Cessna township. John Foit, the son, farmed there for many years. He married five times and had fourteen children. The parents lived only a few more years, and nothing more is known of them.

• HORLACHER of Württemberg

• WÜST of Württemberg

• OTTERBACH of Württemberg